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MBA联考英译汉辅导之重要短语及句型

2014-11-21 10:45 | 太奇MBA网

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  (1) ... not so much...... as (but) ... 与其说……还不如说……

  (2) ... not so much that.....as (but) that...... 与其说……还不如说……

  (3) ... not so much as..... (=not even) 甚至于不……,连……也不……

  (4) ... might as well ... as..... 与其说……还不如说……

  例1:He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.

  译文:与其说他是老师,还不如说是学者。(注意翻译时动作的对象)

  例2:It wasn't so much his appearance I liked as his personality.

  译文:与其说我喜欢他的外表,不如说我喜欢他的品格。

  例3:It's not so much that I don't want to come but I just haven't got the time.

  译文:倒不是因为我不想来,而是我根本没有时间。

  例4:He didn't so much as say thank you after all we'd done for him.

  译文:我们为他干了那么多事,他甚至连谢谢都没有说一声。

  例5:You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.

  译文:与其将钱借给他,还不如把钱丢进大海。(注意翻译时动作的对象)

  [注意]:more ... than ...

  1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。

  2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 与其说乔治言行放肆,不如说他聪颖过人。考试大

  以上第1句是more... than结构的一般用法,即在两个不同的事物之间就同一方面作比较;而第2句是就同一个人的两个不同方面作比较。因此要译成“与其说……还不如说……”。

  more...than结构在上述1) 2)两句中的用法也适用于less ... than结构,得出相反的含义:

  例如:

  1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 与其说约翰胆大,不如说他脑子灵活。

  2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 与其说乔治聪颖过人,不如说他言行放肆。

  几个不定代词的固定搭配:

  have none of: 不参加;不准;不接受

  I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法!

  He was offered a job but he said he’d have none of it. 他有一个工作机会,但他说他不接受。

  none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)

  None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。

  She chose none but the best. 她只选最好的。

  She is nothing but a child. 她只不过是个孩子。

  none other than: (表示惊讶)不是别人,正是…… (= no one else but)

  It’s none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.

  none the +比较级词+ for: 毫不,一点也不

  He spent 2 weeks in hospital but he’s none the better for it.

  他在医院里待了两个星期,但一点也没好转。

  My car is none the worse for wear. 我的车子一点也没有损耗。

  none the wiser: 不知情

  If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.

  如果我们只拿一小块蛋糕,母亲是不会知道的。

  none too: (在形容词或副词前) 不太;一点都不

  The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 这家旅馆的服务一点效率都没有。

  anything but: ①除---之外什么都(此处的but等于except)②决不(=not at all)

  I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了鱼,我什么都吃。

  She is anything but a good cook. 她决不是个好厨师。(即:除了好厨师,她什么都是。)

  anything of: ①(疑问句/条件句)一点点;②(否定句)一点也(没有)

  Is he anything of a poet? 他有一点点诗人的样子吗?

  I haven’t seen anything of him lately. 最近我没有见过他。

  for anything: (否定句)(给什么都)不,决不

  I won’t go there for anything. 我决不去那里。

  or anything: (意味着还有其他的可能性)

  If Bernard wants to call me or anything, I’ll be here all day.

  如果伯纳德要找我或什么的,我整天都会在这儿。

  if anything: 若有任何不同的话

  If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.

  要说有什么不同的话,我的新工作反而比旧工作要难些。

  or something: 或什么的(表示说话者不能肯定)

  She is a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。

  something like: 有点像,大约

  An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飞船的形状有点像雪茄。

  something of a...: 多少有点,有几分像,略懂

  he’s something of a book collector. 他有几分像书籍收藏家。

  something to / in: (叙述等)有些道理

  There’s something to / in what you say; I’ll take your advice.

  你说的有些道理,我会接受你的建议

  have / be something to do with: 与……有关

  I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.

  我想盖佛克跟图谋炸毁桥梁有关。

  nothing but (= none but = only): 仅仅,只不过

  We could see nothing but fog. 除了雾之外我们什么也看不见。

  for nothing: ①免费的; ②徒劳的; ③无缘无故的

  She got the ticket for nothing. 她免费得到那张票。

  All our preparation for nothing! No one’s even come to the party.

  我们为宴会所作的准备都白费了! 连一个人都没来。

  They quarreled for nothing. 他们无缘无故地争吵。

  make nothing of: (常和can一起用)不理解;不重视,轻视 (= think nothing of)

  I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解这篇文章。

  He makes / thinks nothing of working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小时。

  to say nothing of: 更不用说(= not to mention / without mentioning)

  Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building.

  三个人受了重伤,建筑物的损害更不用说了。

  have nothing to do with: 与……无关

  I have nothing to do with the accident. 我与这场事故无关。

  nothing if not: 格外地;非常地 (= very / much / extremely)

  He was nothing if not clever. (= He was very clever.) 他格外聪明。

  nothing of: 无……的部分;无……的气质

  There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的举止根本没有淑女的气质。

  区别:

  all but 几乎,差一点,除……以外其余都是

  but for要不是

  but that+从句:若不是……

  例1:She all but fainted when she heard the news.

  译文:她听到这一消息时几乎晕倒了。

  注:此句中a11 but意为nearly,almost。

  试对比:

  All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting.

  译文:除了小孩,大家都认为这次旅行是激动人心的。

  此句中all but意为a11 except。

  例2:But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.

  译文:要不是下雨,我们的旅行本来是愉快的。

  例3:He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.

  译文:若不是他那时缺钱,他是会帮助我们的。

  注

  1).but that引导的从句中谓语用陈述语气。

  2).but that有灵活的译法。

  如:Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap.(那孩子什么都不要,只要我把她抱在怀里。)

  “名词+or+名词”结构中or后的名词是同位语,应译为“即……;或者称……”

  例1:Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.

  译文:再者,除机器外技术还包括技艺,即制作方法,而动用这些技艺并不一定都需要机器。

  “only + to do”意为“……,结果却……”,即表示与句子谓语动作的目的相反的结果。

  例1: They don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, onlyto discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing.

  译文:他们不必花钱去戏院、电影院或歌剧院买价格很贵的票,(如果去了,)结果却可能发现,所演的节目令人失望。

  例2: They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled.

  译文:他们匆匆忙忙赶到那儿,结果却发现会议被取消了。

  not more / -er than 与 no more / -er than 结构

  比较:

  John is not better than Tom.

  John is no better than Tom.

  前一句表示“约翰不比汤姆好”,属于普通的比较结构;后一例用了no 情况就不同了。no better than 相当于as bad as,含义是两人一样坏。这里,“no + 形容词或副词比较级 + than”所表示的可以说是该形容词或副词的反意。

  例如: no richer than = as poor as 和……一样穷

  no bigger than = as small as 和……一样小

  no later than = as early as 和……一样早

  同样地:

  I have not taken more than six courses this semester.

  I have taken no more than six courses this semester.

  前一句的含义是本学期选的课不多于六门;后一句的含义是只选了六门。强调“少”。

  上述结构与表示前后都否定的no more...than (= not...any more than)又有所不同:

  例:A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.(鲸和马同样不是鱼。)

  另外,在某些结构中,单独使用more than 也能表示否定概念:

  例1:That is more than I can tell. 我简直不能说。

  例2:My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不仅仅是旅游观光而已。

  no more...than... (= not...any more than) 和……—样都不……(表示前后都否定)

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